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update by WHO

printable version  Influenza update - 10 September 2010 Introduction The Global Influenza Programme is regularly monitoring influenza activity worldwide and publishing an update every two weeks. The updates are based on all available epidemiological and virological data: influenza reports from WHO Regional Offices and Member States, data collected through FluNet and FluID. Data can vary in completeness and timeliness due to differences in available resources in Member States as well as influenza seasonality. Description: Displayed data reflect the most recent information reported to FluNet, WHO regional offices or on ministry of health websites in the last 2 weeks. The percent of specimens tested positive for influenza includes all specimens tested positive for all influenza subtypes. The pie charts show the distribution of virus subtypes among all specimens that were tested positive for influenza. The available country data were joined in larger geographical areas (Influenza transmission zones)with similar influenza transmission patterns in order to present an overview Map timeline for influenza activity Open map in new window [jpg 965kb] Influenza - Update 116 10 September 2010 - Influenza activity is currently most intense in the temperate areas of the Southern Hemisphere and southern Asia. India is still experiencing a country-wide outbreak of H1N1 (2009) with active transmission and a substantial number of fatal cases in several states across the country. Chile reported on a sharp increase in respiratory disease activity in the last two weeks. All age groups are affected but the age groups below 65 years appear to be more affected that the older population. The level of activity in Chile in September is very unusual for this time of the year, as the country usually experiences a peak of respiratory disease in June and July. H1N1 (2009) virus has been the most commonly detected influenza virus so far this season but in the recent weeks there has been a shift towards influenza virus type B and influenza A (H3N2), with a decreasing proportion of H1N1 (2009) viruses. Respiratory Syncitial Virus transmission has also been widespread and intense, primarily affecting young children. Australia has reported increasing influenza activity throughout August and September, though recently, the numbers of patients seen in emergency departments for influenza-like illness seem to have levelled off in parts of the country. Overall, influenza activity is well below the activity observed in the winter of 2009. The most commonly identified influenza virus in Australia is H1N1 (2009), though influenza type B is also being detected. In New Zealand, influenza activity has decreased in the last week of August, although activity is still well above baseline levels and with significant regional differences. The majority of influenza detections have been characterized as H1N1 (2009). Levels of influenza transmission in 2010 are below 2009 levels nationally but have exceeded 2009 in some localized areas of the country. In Africa, the Central African Republic reported on their first ever detection of H1N1 (2009). South Africa observed a decrease in detection rate of influenza viruses in outpatients seen for respiratory disease for the second week in a row. Influenza type B has been the most commonly detected influenza virus throughout this winter season in South Africa though in recent weeks the proportion of H1N1 (2009) viruses has increased and a small, decreasing number of influenza A (H3N2) continues to be detected. links to earlier updates Qualitative indicators The qualitative indicators monitor: the global geographic spread of influenza, trends in acute respiratory diseases, the intensity of respiratory disease activity, and the impact of the pandemic on health-care services. The maps below display information on the qualitative indicators reported. Information is available for approximately 60 countries each week. Implementation of this monitoring system is ongoing and completeness of reporting is expected to increase over time. List of definitions of qualitative indicators Maps of qualitative indicators post-pandemic guidelines

Source

18000 people killed till now

As of 16 May, worldwide more than 214 countries and overseas territories or communities have reported laboratory confirmed cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 2009, including over 18097 deaths, WHO said Friday.

The current situation is largely unchanged since the last update. The most active areas of pandemic influenza virus transmission currently are in parts of the Caribbean and Southeast Asia. In the temperate zone of the northern and southern hemisphere, overall pandemic influenza activity remains low to sporadic. In central Africa, there has been increased transmission of seasonal influenza type B viruses, accounting for 85% of all influenza isolates in the region. Influenza B also continues to be detected at low levels across parts of Asia and Europe, and has now been reported in Central America.

In the tropical region of the Americas, the most active areas of pandemic influenza virus transmission continue to be in parts of the Caribbean. In Cuba, a second period of active community transmission of pandemic influenza virus began during late February 2010, peaked during late April 2010, and has been declining since; this second period of transmission, although associated with severe and fatal cases, appears to be less intense overall than the first period of transmission which occurred during late September to late November 2009. In contrast, in the Dominican Republic, low to moderate intensity of respiratory diseases activity has been primarily associated with co-circulation of respiratory viruses other than influenza; only sporadic detections of seasonal influenza viruses have been reported.

Low levels of pandemic influenza viruses have been circulating across parts of Central America and tropical areas of South America, for example, in Mexico since December 2009, in Colombia and Brazil since early 2010, and in Guatemala since early April 2010. Nicaragua and Honduras have also been recently reporting geographically regional spread of influenza viruses, however, the relative proportions of seasonal influenza, pandemic influenza, and other respiratory virus detections are not known. In contrast, in Panama, low levels of respiratory disease over the past three months have been primarily associated with circulating respiratory viruses other than influenza. Of note, Bolivia experienced a recent period of low but sustained transmission of seasonal influenza type B viruses between late February and early May 2010. There continues to be evidence from several countries in this region that there is ongoing co-circulation of influenza with other respiratory viruses (including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and adenovirus).

In Asia, the most active areas of pandemic influenza virus transmission are in parts of South and Southeast Asia, particularly in Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Singapore. In Malaysia, limited data suggests that a second period of active pandemic influenza virus transmission has been occurring since early April 2010, but overall activity may have recently stabilized and does not appear to exceed pandemic influenza activity seen during an earlier period of transmission lasting from July until early September 2009. In Singapore, levels of ARI have remained elevated since mid April 2010; during the most recent reporting week, levels of ARI exceeded the epidemic threshold and the proportion of patients with ILI testing positive for pandemic influenza virus infection was 39%. In Bangladesh increased co-circulation of pandemic influenza and seasonal influenza type B viruses has been detected since mid April 2010 but now appears to have stabilized. Low level circulation of pandemic influenza continues to persist in Thailand and in the western and southern parts of India; sporadic detection of pandemic influenza continue to be reported in Cambodia and in the Philippines. In East Asia, only sporadic detections of pandemic influenza virus are being reported; seasonal influenza type B viruses have been predominant in this region, however circulation appears to be declining in China and the Republic of Korea.

In the temperate regions of the northern and southern hemisphere, overall pandemic influenza activity remains low to sporadic. In Australia and New Zealand, slight increases in ILI activity were reported; however, in Australia, these increases have been attributed primarily to circulating respiratory viruses other than influenza. In the southern temperate regions of the Americas, only sporadic detections of influenza viruses have been reported, except in Chile, which continues to report localized areas of increased ILI activity (in the Los Lagos area) associated with co-circulation of pandemic influenza and other respiratory viruses. In Europe, very low to sporadic levels of pandemic and seasonal influenza type B viruses continue to be detected. Seasonal influenza type B virus persists mainly in parts of eastern and northern Europe. Georgia reported an increase in the number of respiratory disease consultations due to influenza-like-illness (ILI), mainly in children (under age 5) and school-age children (5-14 years old age group); whether this increase is associated with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus is not yet known.

source

H1N1 cases in the country had dropped

NEW DELHI: The H1N1 swine flu pandemic has killed over 1,500 Indians till now but the number of people who got infected with this novel virus is much higher — over 30,000.

However, the good news is that the outbreak seems to be weakening. Health minister Ghulam Nabi Azad said H1N1 cases in the country had dropped in the past few weeks. "Till May 2, there have been 1,501 laboratory confirmed deaths due to the pandemic, while 30,581 people have been affected with the virus in the country," he said.

India reported its first swine flu death on August 4, 2009, while the first case was recorded on May 16, 2009.

But should India be complacent? "No," said director general of Indian Council of Medical Research Dr V M Katoch. Dr Katoch said, "We will have to wait and watch very carefully this year. Till now, all the three previous pandemics this century have taught us that pandemic waves keep coming over two years of an outbreak. We could also end up seeing the pandemic peak this winter."

He added, "By next year, we expect the virus to become endemic in the country infecting people like seasonal influenza does. However the spread of the virus won't be as fast." India has till now screened over one crore passengers at 22 international airports for symptoms of influenza. Experts globally have hailed India for this massive exercise. Some say India managed to avert a major outbreak specially because of these airport checks.

India, in the meantime, also strengthened its laboratory network to test for influenza. When the outbreak first took place in India, the country had just two major labs capable of testing for H1N1 infection. At present, there are 45 labs — 24 in the government sector and 19 in the private sector — testing clinical samples.

India has also procured 40 million capsules of Oseltamivir or Tamilfu — an anti-viral drug, of which 21 million were given to states. The retail sale of the drug was later allowed in some selected outlets.

source

Attention! All practising Doc~ors, Nursing Homes, Dispensaries, Primary Health Centers, Government and Private Hospitals. You can help reduce the impact of the ongoing pandemic by keeping the following in mind.

YOUR CHECK LIST

· Look for 'Signs and symptoms like fever with cough, sore throat with difficulty in breathing

· In particular, look for early warning signs - In Adults: breathlessness, chest pain, drowsiness, fall in blood pressure, sputum mixed with blood, bluish discolouration of nails

- In Children: influenza like illness with somnolence, .high and p~rsistent fever, inability to feed well, convulsions, shortness of breath, difficulty in breathing, etc

· Follow GOI guidelines on categorization (category A, B and C) if you are trained to manage H1N1 cases

· Follow up cases recommended for home care

· Know your nearest Health Screening Centres and Hospitals for referral

· If your area is not reporting Influenza like illness (Ill) and if you detect a cluster of III or pneumonia, to inform the Integrated Disease Surveillance Project

, . For detailed information on categorization of cases (triage and .c1inical management protocols) refer to http://www.mohfw-h1n1.tlic.in

please call 1 075 (toll-free) or

1800-11-4377

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Issued in public interest by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India



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DARLING_SAPNA, Happy Anniversary! They say that Be, with age comes maturity; but our love with age gains perpetuity and becomes closer to divinity! Yours eternally,Om ,;

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